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# Tor specifications
This repository holds the specifications that describe how Tor works.
They try to present Tor's protocols in sufficient detail to allow
the reader to implement a compatible implementation of Tor without ever
having to read the Tor source code.
The [proposals](/proposals) directory holds our design proposals. These
include historical documents that have now been merged into . For more
information on the proposal process, including an explanation of how to
make new proposals, see, see
[001-process.txt](/proposals/001-process.txt).
## What you can find here
Tor's specification is pretty big, and we've broken it into a bunch of
files.
* General interest
* [tor-spec.txt](tor-spec.txt)
contains the specification for the core Tor protocol
itself; this is a good place to start reading.
* [cert-spec.txt](cert-spec.txt) describes a certificate format used
in the other parts of the protocol.
* [dir-spec.txt](dir-spec.txt) specifies the operations and formats used to
maintain a view of the network directory.
* [padding-spec.txt](padding-spec.txt) describes a set of padding mechanisms
used to impede traffic analysis.
* [version-spec.txt](version-spec.txt) explains how to parse Tor
version numbers.
* [glossary.txt](glossary.txt) is a glossary of terms used
in the other specifications.
* Client operations
* [address-spec.txt](address-spec.txt) lists a set of special
addresses that Tor handles differently from the regular DNS system.
* [guard-spec.txt](guard-spec.txt) explains the "guard node" algorithm
that Tor clients use to avoid sampling attacks.
* [path-spec.txt](path-spec.txt) explains how clients choose their paths
through the Tor network.
* [socks-extensions](socks-extensions.txt) specifies Tor-specific
extensions to the SOCKS protocol.
* Onion services
* [rend-spec-v2.txt](rend-spec-v2.txt) is the old, deprecated version
of the onion service protocol.
* [rend-spec-v3.txt](rend-spec-v3.txt) is the current version of the
onion service protocol.
* Censorship resistance
* [bridgedb-spec.txt](bridgedb-spec.txt) explains how the `bridgedb`
server gives out bridges to censored clients.
* [gettor-spec.txt](gettor-spec.txt) describes the `gettor` tool,
which is used to download Tor in censored areas.
* [pt-spec.txt](pt-spec.txt) describes the protocol that Tor clients
and relays use to communicate with pluggable transports used for
traffic obfuscation.
* Directory authorities
* [bandwidth-file-spec.txt](bandwidth-file-spec.txt) specifies the
file format used by bandwidth-measuring tools to report their
observations to directory authorities.
* [srv-spec.txt](src-spec.txt) specifies the protocol that
directory authorities use to securely compute shared random values
for the network.
* Controller protocol
* [control-spec.txt](control-spec.txt) explains the protocol used by
controllers to communicate with a running Tor process.
* Miscellaneous
* [dir-list-spec.txt](dir-list-spec.txt) explains the format used by
tools like the fallback directory scripts to output a list of
Tor directories for inclusion in the Tor source code.
* The [attic](attic) directory has obsolete or historical documents.
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