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+/* Copyright (c) 2016-2018, The Tor Project, Inc. */
+/* See LICENSE for licensing information */
+
+/**
+ * \file timers.c
+ * \brief Wrapper around William Ahern's fast hierarchical timer wheel
+ * implementation, to tie it in with a libevent backend.
+ *
+ * Only use these functions from the main thread.
+ *
+ * The main advantage of tor_timer_t over using libevent's timers is that
+ * they're way more efficient if we need to have thousands or millions of
+ * them. For more information, see
+ * http://www.25thandclement.com/~william/projects/timeout.c.html
+ *
+ * Periodic timers are available in the backend, but I've turned them off.
+ * We can turn them back on if needed.
+ */
+
+/* Notes:
+ *
+ * Having a way to free all timers on shutdown would free people from the
+ * need to track them. Not sure if that's clever though.
+ *
+ * In an ideal world, Libevent would just switch to use this backend, and we
+ * could throw this file away. But even if Libevent does switch, we'll be
+ * stuck with legacy libevents for some time.
+ */
+
+#include "orconfig.h"
+
+#define TOR_TIMERS_PRIVATE
+
+#include "common/compat_libevent.h"
+#include "common/timers.h"
+#include "lib/intmath/muldiv.h"
+#include "lib/log/torlog.h"
+#include "lib/log/util_bug.h"
+#include "lib/malloc/util_malloc.h"
+#include "lib/time/compat_time.h"
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+// For struct timeval.
+#include <winsock2.h>
+#endif
+
+struct timeout_cb {
+ timer_cb_fn_t cb;
+ void *arg;
+};
+
+/*
+ * These definitions are for timeouts.c and timeouts.h.
+ */
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+/* We're not exposing any of the functions outside this file. */
+#define TIMEOUT_PUBLIC __attribute__((__unused__)) static
+#else
+/* We're not exposing any of the functions outside this file. */
+#define TIMEOUT_PUBLIC static
+#endif /* defined(__GNUC__) */
+/* We're not using periodic events. */
+#define TIMEOUT_DISABLE_INTERVALS
+/* We always know the global_timeouts object, so we don't need each timeout
+ * to keep a pointer to it. */
+#define TIMEOUT_DISABLE_RELATIVE_ACCESS
+/* We're providing our own struct timeout_cb. */
+#define TIMEOUT_CB_OVERRIDE
+/* We're going to support timers that are pretty far out in advance. Making
+ * this big can be inefficient, but having a significant number of timers
+ * above TIMEOUT_MAX can also be super-inefficient. Choosing 5 here sets
+ * timeout_max to 2^30 ticks, or 29 hours with our value for USEC_PER_TICK */
+#define WHEEL_NUM 5
+#if SIZEOF_VOID_P == 4
+/* On 32-bit platforms, we want to override wheel_bit, so that timeout.c will
+ * use 32-bit math. */
+#define WHEEL_BIT 5
+#endif
+#include "src/ext/timeouts/timeout.c"
+
+static struct timeouts *global_timeouts = NULL;
+static struct mainloop_event_t *global_timer_event = NULL;
+
+static monotime_t start_of_time;
+
+/** We need to choose this value carefully. Because we're using timer wheels,
+ * it actually costs us to have extra resolution we don't use. So for now,
+ * I'm going to define our resolution as .1 msec, and hope that's good enough.
+ *
+ * Note that two of the most popular libevent backends (epoll without timerfd,
+ * and windows select), simply can't support sub-millisecond resolution,
+ * do this is optimistic for a lot of users.
+ */
+#define USEC_PER_TICK 100
+
+/** One million microseconds in a second */
+#define USEC_PER_SEC 1000000
+
+/** Check at least once every N seconds. */
+#define MIN_CHECK_SECONDS 3600
+
+/** Check at least once every N ticks. */
+#define MIN_CHECK_TICKS \
+ (((timeout_t)MIN_CHECK_SECONDS) * (1000000 / USEC_PER_TICK))
+
+/**
+ * Convert the timeval in <b>tv</b> to a timeout_t, and return it.
+ *
+ * The output resolution is set by USEC_PER_TICK. Only use this to convert
+ * delays to number of ticks; the time represented by 0 is undefined.
+ */
+static timeout_t
+tv_to_timeout(const struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ uint64_t usec = tv->tv_usec;
+ usec += ((uint64_t)USEC_PER_SEC) * tv->tv_sec;
+ return usec / USEC_PER_TICK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert the timeout in <b>t</b> to a timeval in <b>tv_out</b>. Only
+ * use this for delays, not absolute times.
+ */
+static void
+timeout_to_tv(timeout_t t, struct timeval *tv_out)
+{
+ t *= USEC_PER_TICK;
+ tv_out->tv_usec = (int)(t % USEC_PER_SEC);
+ tv_out->tv_sec = (time_t)(t / USEC_PER_SEC);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Update the timer <b>tv</b> to the current time in <b>tv</b>.
+ */
+static void
+timer_advance_to_cur_time(const monotime_t *now)
+{
+ timeout_t cur_tick = CEIL_DIV(monotime_diff_usec(&start_of_time, now),
+ USEC_PER_TICK);
+ timeouts_update(global_timeouts, cur_tick);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adjust the time at which the libevent timer should fire based on
+ * the next-expiring time in <b>global_timeouts</b>
+ */
+static void
+libevent_timer_reschedule(void)
+{
+ monotime_t now;
+ monotime_get(&now);
+ timer_advance_to_cur_time(&now);
+
+ timeout_t delay = timeouts_timeout(global_timeouts);
+
+ struct timeval d;
+ if (delay > MIN_CHECK_TICKS)
+ delay = MIN_CHECK_TICKS;
+ timeout_to_tv(delay, &d);
+ mainloop_event_schedule(global_timer_event, &d);
+}
+
+/** Run the callback of every timer that has expired, based on the current
+ * output of monotime_get(). */
+STATIC void
+timers_run_pending(void)
+{
+ monotime_t now;
+ monotime_get(&now);
+ timer_advance_to_cur_time(&now);
+
+ tor_timer_t *t;
+ while ((t = timeouts_get(global_timeouts))) {
+ t->callback.cb(t, t->callback.arg, &now);
+ }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Invoked when the libevent timer has expired: see which tor_timer_t events
+ * have fired, activate their callbacks, and reschedule the libevent timer.
+ */
+static void
+libevent_timer_callback(mainloop_event_t *ev, void *arg)
+{
+ (void)ev;
+ (void)arg;
+
+ timers_run_pending();
+
+ libevent_timer_reschedule();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the timers subsystem. Requires that libevent has already been
+ * initialized.
+ */
+void
+timers_initialize(void)
+{
+ if (BUG(global_timeouts))
+ return; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+
+ timeout_error_t err = 0;
+ global_timeouts = timeouts_open(0, &err);
+ if (!global_timeouts) {
+ // LCOV_EXCL_START -- this can only fail on malloc failure.
+ log_err(LD_BUG, "Unable to open timer backend: %s", strerror(err));
+ tor_assert(0);
+ // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+ }
+
+ monotime_init();
+ monotime_get(&start_of_time);
+
+ mainloop_event_t *timer_event;
+ timer_event = mainloop_event_new(libevent_timer_callback, NULL);
+ tor_assert(timer_event);
+ global_timer_event = timer_event;
+
+ libevent_timer_reschedule();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Release all storage held in the timers subsystem. Does not fire timers.
+ */
+void
+timers_shutdown(void)
+{
+ if (global_timer_event) {
+ mainloop_event_free(global_timer_event);
+ global_timer_event = NULL;
+ }
+ if (global_timeouts) {
+ timeouts_close(global_timeouts);
+ global_timeouts = NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Allocate and return a new timer, with given callback and argument.
+ */
+tor_timer_t *
+timer_new(timer_cb_fn_t cb, void *arg)
+{
+ tor_timer_t *t = tor_malloc(sizeof(tor_timer_t));
+ timeout_init(t, 0);
+ timer_set_cb(t, cb, arg);
+ return t;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Release all storage held by <b>t</b>, and unschedule it if was already
+ * scheduled.
+ */
+void
+timer_free_(tor_timer_t *t)
+{
+ if (! t)
+ return;
+
+ timeouts_del(global_timeouts, t);
+ tor_free(t);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Change the callback and argument associated with a timer <b>t</b>.
+ */
+void
+timer_set_cb(tor_timer_t *t, timer_cb_fn_t cb, void *arg)
+{
+ t->callback.cb = cb;
+ t->callback.arg = arg;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set *<b>cb_out</b> (if provided) to this timer's callback function,
+ * and *<b>arg_out</b> (if provided) to this timer's callback argument.
+ */
+void
+timer_get_cb(const tor_timer_t *t,
+ timer_cb_fn_t *cb_out, void **arg_out)
+{
+ if (cb_out)
+ *cb_out = t->callback.cb;
+ if (arg_out)
+ *arg_out = t->callback.arg;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Schedule the timer t to fire at the current time plus a delay of
+ * <b>delay</b> microseconds. All times are relative to monotime_get().
+ */
+void
+timer_schedule(tor_timer_t *t, const struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ const timeout_t delay = tv_to_timeout(tv);
+
+ monotime_t now;
+ monotime_get(&now);
+ timer_advance_to_cur_time(&now);
+
+ /* Take the old timeout value. */
+ timeout_t to = timeouts_timeout(global_timeouts);
+
+ timeouts_add(global_timeouts, t, delay);
+
+ /* Should we update the libevent timer? */
+ if (to <= delay) {
+ return; /* we're already going to fire before this timer would trigger. */
+ }
+ libevent_timer_reschedule();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Cancel the timer <b>t</b> if it is currently scheduled. (It's okay to call
+ * this on an unscheduled timer.
+ */
+void
+timer_disable(tor_timer_t *t)
+{
+ timeouts_del(global_timeouts, t);
+ /* We don't reschedule the libevent timer here, since it's okay if it fires
+ * early. */
+}