Code for anonymous mappings via mmap() or CreateFileMapping().

Using an anonymous mmap() is a good way to get pages that we can set
kernel-level flags on, like minherit() or madvise() or mlock().
We're going to use that so that we can make uninheritable locked
pages to store PRNG data.

3 files changed, 254 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/src/lib/malloc/include.am b/src/lib/malloc/include.am
index 502cc1c6b7..95d96168e1 100644
--- a/src/lib/malloc/include.am
+++ b/src/lib/malloc/include.am
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ noinst_LIBRARIES += src/lib/libtor-malloc-testing.a
 endif
 
 src_lib_libtor_malloc_a_SOURCES =			\
-	src/lib/malloc/malloc.c
+	src/lib/malloc/malloc.c				\
+	src/lib/malloc/map_anon.c
 
 if USE_OPENBSD_MALLOC
 src_lib_libtor_malloc_a_SOURCES += src/ext/OpenBSD_malloc_Linux.c
@@ -18,4 +19,5 @@ src_lib_libtor_malloc_testing_a_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(TEST_CPPFLAGS)
 src_lib_libtor_malloc_testing_a_CFLAGS = $(AM_CFLAGS) $(TEST_CFLAGS)
 
 noinst_HEADERS +=					\
-	src/lib/malloc/malloc.h
+	src/lib/malloc/malloc.h				\
+	src/lib/malloc/map_anon.h
diff --git a/src/lib/malloc/map_anon.c b/src/lib/malloc/map_anon.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2fc6e89ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/malloc/map_anon.c
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/* Copyright (c) 2003-2004, Roger Dingledine
+ * Copyright (c) 2004-2006, Roger Dingledine, Nick Mathewson.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007-2019, The Tor Project, Inc. */
+/* See LICENSE for licensing information */
+
+/**
+ * \file map_anon.c
+ * \brief Manage anonymous mappings.
+ **/
+
+#include "orconfig.h"
+#include "lib/malloc/map_anon.h"
+#include "lib/malloc/malloc.h"
+#include "lib/err/torerr.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM_INHERIT_H
+#include <mach/vm_inherit.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Macro to get the high bytes of a size_t, if there are high bytes.
+ * Windows needs this; other operating systems define a size_t that does
+ * what it should.
+ */
+#if SIZEOF_SIZE_T > 4
+#define HIGH_SIZE_T_BYTES(sz) ((sz) >> 32)
+#else
+#define HIGH_SIZE_T_BYTES(sz) (0)
+#endif
+
+/* Here we define a MINHERIT macro that is minherit() or madvise(), depending
+ * on what we actually want.
+ *
+ * If there's a flag that sets pages to zero after fork, we define FLAG_ZERO
+ * to be that flag.  If there's a flag unmaps pages after fork, we define
+ * FLAG_NOINHERIT to be that flag.
+ */
+#if defined(HAVE_MINHERIT)
+#define MINHERIT minherit
+
+#ifdef INHERIT_ZERO
+#define FLAG_ZERO INHERIT_ZERO
+#endif
+#ifdef INHERIT_NONE
+#define FLAG_NOINHERIT INHERIT_NONE
+#elif defined(VM_INHERIT_NONE)
+#define FLAG_NOINHERIT VM_INHERIT_NONE
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_MADVISE)
+
+#define MINHERIT madvise
+
+#ifdef MADV_WIPEONFORK
+#define FLAG_ZERO MADV_WIPEONFORK
+#endif
+#ifdef MADV_DONTFORK
+#define FLAG_NOINHERIT MADV_DONTFORK
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Helper: try to prevent the <b>sz</b> bytes at <b>mem</b> from being swapped
+ * to disk.  Return 0 on success or if the facility is not available on this
+ * OS; return -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+lock_mem(void *mem, size_t sz)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return VirtualLock(mem, sz) ? 0 : -1;
+#elif defined(HAVE_MLOCK)
+  return mlock(mem, sz);
+#else
+  (void) mem;
+  (void) sz;
+
+  return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper: try to prevent the <b>sz</b> bytes at <b>mem</b> from appearing in
+ * a core dump.  Return 0 on success or if the facility is not available on
+ * this OS; return -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+nodump_mem(void *mem, size_t sz)
+{
+#if defined(MADV_DONTDUMP)
+  return madvise(mem, sz, MADV_DONTDUMP);
+#else
+  (void) mem;
+  (void) sz;
+  return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper: try to prevent the <b>sz</b> bytes at <b>mem</b> from being
+ * accessible in child processes -- ideally by having them set to 0 after a
+ * fork, and if that doesn't work, by having them unmapped after a fork.
+ * Return 0 on success or if the facility is not available on this OS; return
+ * -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+noinherit_mem(void *mem, size_t sz)
+{
+#ifdef FLAG_ZERO
+  int r = MINHERIT(mem, sz, FLAG_ZERO);
+  if (r == 0)
+    return 0;
+#endif
+#ifdef FLAG_NOINHERIT
+  return MINHERIT(mem, sz, FLAG_NOINHERIT);
+#else
+  (void)mem;
+  (void)sz;
+  return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return a new anonymous memory mapping that holds <b>sz</b> bytes.
+ *
+ * Memory mappings are unlike the results from malloc() in that they are
+ * handled separately by the operating system, and as such can have different
+ * kernel-level flags set on them.
+ *
+ * The "flags" argument may be zero or more of ANONMAP_PRIVATE and
+ * ANONMAP_NOINHERIT.
+ *
+ * Memory returned from this function must be released with
+ * tor_munmap_anonymous().
+ *
+ * [Note: OS people use the word "anonymous" here to mean that the memory
+ * isn't associated with any file. This has *nothing* to do with the kind of
+ * anonymity that Tor is trying to provide.]
+ */
+void *
+tor_mmap_anonymous(size_t sz, unsigned flags)
+{
+  void *ptr;
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+  HANDLE mapping = CreateFileMapping(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
+                                     NULL, /*attributes*/
+                                     PAGE_READWRITE,
+                                     HIGH_SIZE_T_BYTES(sz),
+                                     sz & 0xffffffff,
+                                     NULL /* name */);
+  raw_assert(mapping != NULL);
+  ptr = MapViewOfFile(mapping, FILE_MAP_WRITE,
+                      0, 0, /* Offset */
+                      0 /* Extend to end of mapping */);
+  raw_assert(ptr);
+  CloseHandle(mapping); /* mapped view holds a reference */
+#elif defined(HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H)
+  ptr = mmap(NULL, sz,
+             PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+             MAP_ANON|MAP_PRIVATE,
+             -1, 0);
+  raw_assert(ptr != MAP_FAILED);
+  raw_assert(ptr != NULL);
+#else
+  ptr = tor_malloc_zero(sz);
+#endif
+
+  if (flags & ANONMAP_PRIVATE) {
+    int lock_result = lock_mem(ptr, sz);
+    raw_assert(lock_result == 0);
+    int nodump_result = nodump_mem(ptr, sz);
+    raw_assert(nodump_result == 0);
+  }
+
+  if (flags & ANONMAP_NOINHERIT) {
+    int noinherit_result = noinherit_mem(ptr, sz);
+    raw_assert(noinherit_result == 0);
+  }
+
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Release <b>sz</b> bytes of memory that were previously mapped at
+ * <b>mapping</b> by tor_mmap_anonymous().
+ **/
+void
+tor_munmap_anonymous(void *mapping, size_t sz)
+{
+  if (!mapping)
+    return;
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+  (void)sz;
+  UnmapViewOfFile(mapping);
+#elif defined(HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H)
+  munmap(mapping, sz);
+#else
+  (void)sz;
+  tor_free(mapping);
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/malloc/map_anon.h b/src/lib/malloc/map_anon.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc5797e4ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/malloc/map_anon.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/* Copyright (c) 2003-2004, Roger Dingledine
+ * Copyright (c) 2004-2006, Roger Dingledine, Nick Mathewson.
+ * Copyright (c) 2007-2019, The Tor Project, Inc. */
+/* See LICENSE for licensing information */
+
+/**
+ * \file map_anon.h
+ * \brief Headers for map_anon.c
+ **/
+
+#ifndef TOR_MAP_ANON_H
+#define TOR_MAP_ANON_H
+
+#include "lib/malloc/malloc.h"
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/**
+ * When this flag is specified, try to prevent the mapping from being
+ * swapped or dumped.
+ *
+ * In some operating systems, this flag is not implemented.
+ */
+#define ANONMAP_PRIVATE   (1u<<0)
+/**
+ * When this flag is specified, try to prevent the mapping from being
+ * inherited after a fork().  In some operating systems, trying to access it
+ * afterwards will cause its contents to be zero.  In others, trying to access
+ * it afterwards will cause a crash.
+ *
+ * In some operating systems, this flag is not implemented at all.
+ */
+#define ANONMAP_NOINHERIT (1u<<1)
+
+void *tor_mmap_anonymous(size_t sz, unsigned flags);
+void tor_munmap_anonymous(void *mapping, size_t sz);
+
+#endif /* !defined(TOR_MAP_ANON_H) */