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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<section id="google-engines">
<span id="id1"></span><h1>Google Engines<a class="headerlink" href="#google-engines" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<nav class="contents local" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#google-api" id="id4">Google API</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-searx.engines.google" id="id5">Google WEB</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#google-autocomplete" id="id6">Google Autocomplete</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-searx.engines.google_images" id="id7">Google Images</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-searx.engines.google_videos" id="id8">Google Videos</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-searx.engines.google_news" id="id9">Google News</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-searx.engines.google_scholar" id="id10">Google Scholar</a></p></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="google-api">
<span id="id2"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" role="doc-backlink">Google API</a><a class="headerlink" href="#google-api" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>SearXNG’s implementation of the Google API is mainly done in
<a class="reference internal" href="#searx.engines.google.get_google_info" title="searx.engines.google.get_google_info"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_google_info</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>For detailed description of the <em>REST-full</em> API see: <a class="reference external" href="https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#WebSearch_Query_Parameter_Definitions">Query Parameter
Definitions</a>. The linked API documentation can sometimes be helpful during
reverse engineering. However, we cannot use it in the freely accessible WEB
services; not all parameters can be applied and some engines are more <em>special</em>
than other (e.g. <a class="reference internal" href="#google-news-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google News</span></a>).</p>
</section>
<section id="module-searx.engines.google">
<span id="google-web"></span><span id="google-web-engine"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" role="doc-backlink">Google WEB</a><a class="headerlink" href="#module-searx.engines.google" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is the implementation of the Google WEB engine. Some of this
implementations (manly the <a class="reference internal" href="#searx.engines.google.get_google_info" title="searx.engines.google.get_google_info"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_google_info</span></code></a>) are shared by other
engines:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#google-images-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google Images</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#google-news-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google News</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#google-videos-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google Videos</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#google-scholar-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google Scholar</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#google-autocomplete"><span class="std std-ref">Google Autocomplete</span></a></p></li>
</ul>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google.fetch_traits">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">fetch_traits</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">engine_traits</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../enginelib.html#searx.enginelib.traits.EngineTraits" title="searx.enginelib.traits.EngineTraits"><span class="pre">EngineTraits</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">add_domains</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#bool" title="(in Python v3.13)"><span class="pre">bool</span></a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">True</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google.html#fetch_traits"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google.fetch_traits" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Fetch languages from Google.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google.get_google_info">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">get_google_info</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">params</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">eng_traits</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google.html#get_google_info"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google.get_google_info" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Composing various (language) properties for the google engines (<a class="reference internal" href="#google-api"><span class="std std-ref">Google API</span></a>).</p>
<p>This function is called by the various google engines (<a class="reference internal" href="#google-web-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google WEB</span></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#google-images-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google Images</span></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#google-news-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google News</span></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="#google-videos-engine"><span class="std std-ref">Google Videos</span></a>).</p>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
<li><p><strong>param</strong> (<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="(in Python v3.13)"><em>dict</em></a>) – Request parameters of the engine. At least
a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">searxng_locale</span></code> key should be in the dictionary.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>eng_traits</strong> – Engine’s traits fetched from google preferences
(<a class="reference internal" href="../enginelib.html#searx.enginelib.traits.EngineTraits" title="searx.enginelib.traits.EngineTraits"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">searx.enginelib.traits.EngineTraits</span></code></a>)</p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Return type<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="(in Python v3.13)">dict</a></p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">Returns<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p><p>Py-Dictionary with the key/value pairs:</p>
<dl class="simple">
<dt>language:</dt><dd><p>The language code that is used by google (e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lang_en</span></code> or
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lang_zh-TW</span></code>)</p>
</dd>
<dt>country:</dt><dd><p>The country code that is used by google (e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">US</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TW</span></code>)</p>
</dd>
<dt>locale:</dt><dd><p>A instance of <a class="reference external" href="https://babel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api/core.html#babel.core.Locale" title="(in Babel v2.2)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">babel.core.Locale</span></code></a> build from the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">searxng_locale</span></code> value.</p>
</dd>
<dt>subdomain:</dt><dd><p>Google subdomain <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">google_domains</span></code> that fits to the country
code.</p>
</dd>
<dt>params:</dt><dd><p>Py-Dictionary with additional request arguments (can be passed to
<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/urllib.parse.html#urllib.parse.urlencode" title="(in Python v3.13)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib.parse.urlencode()</span></code></a>).</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hl</span></code> parameter: specifies the interface language of user interface.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lr</span></code> parameter: restricts search results to documents written in
a particular language.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cr</span></code> parameter: restricts search results to documents
originating in a particular country.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ie</span></code> parameter: sets the character encoding scheme that should
be used to interpret the query string (‘utf8’).</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">oe</span></code> parameter: sets the character encoding scheme that should
be used to decode the XML result (‘utf8’).</p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>headers:</dt><dd><p>Py-Dictionary with additional HTTP headers (can be passed to
request’s headers)</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Accept:</span> <span class="pre">'*/*</span></code></p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google.request">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">request</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">query</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">params</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google.html#request"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google.request" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Google search request</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google.response">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">response</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">resp</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google.html#response"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google.response" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Get response from google’s search request</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google.UI_ASYNC">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">UI_ASYNC</span></span><em class="property"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">'use_ac:true,_fmt:prog'</span></em><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google.UI_ASYNC" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Format of the response from UI’s async request.</p>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="google-autocomplete">
<span id="id3"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" role="doc-backlink">Google Autocomplete</a><a class="headerlink" href="#google-autocomplete" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.autocomplete.google_complete">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.autocomplete.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">google_complete</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">query</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">sxng_locale</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/autocomplete.html#google_complete"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.autocomplete.google_complete" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Autocomplete from Google. Supports Google’s languages and subdomains
(<a class="reference internal" href="#searx.engines.google.get_google_info" title="searx.engines.google.get_google_info"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google.get_google_info</span></code></a>) by using the async REST
API:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>https://{subdomain}/complete/search?{args}
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="module-searx.engines.google_images">
<span id="google-images"></span><span id="google-images-engine"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" role="doc-backlink">Google Images</a><a class="headerlink" href="#module-searx.engines.google_images" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is the implementation of the Google Images engine using the internal
Google API used by the Google Go Android app.</p>
<p>This internal API offer results in</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>JSON (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_fmt:json</span></code>)</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_Buffers">Protobuf</a> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_fmt:pb</span></code>)</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_Buffers">Protobuf</a> compressed? (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_fmt:pc</span></code>)</p></li>
<li><p>HTML (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_fmt:html</span></code>)</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_Buffers">Protobuf</a> encoded in JSON (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_fmt:jspb</span></code>).</p></li>
</ul>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_images.request">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_images.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">request</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">query</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">params</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_images.html#request"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_images.request" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Google-Image search request</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_images.response">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_images.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">response</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">resp</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_images.html#response"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_images.response" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Get response from google’s search request</p>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="module-searx.engines.google_videos">
<span id="google-videos"></span><span id="google-videos-engine"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" role="doc-backlink">Google Videos</a><a class="headerlink" href="#module-searx.engines.google_videos" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is the implementation of the Google Videos engine.</p>
<div class="admonition-content-security-policy-csp admonition">
<p class="admonition-title">Content-Security-Policy (CSP)</p>
<p>This engine needs to allow images from the <a class="reference external" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/Data_URIs">data URLs</a> (prefixed with the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">data:</span></code> scheme):</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Header</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">Content</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">Security</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">Policy</span> <span class="s2">"img-src 'self' data: ;"</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_videos.request">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_videos.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">request</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">query</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">params</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_videos.html#request"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_videos.request" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Google-Video search request</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_videos.response">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_videos.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">response</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">resp</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_videos.html#response"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_videos.response" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Get response from google’s search request</p>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="module-searx.engines.google_news">
<span id="google-news"></span><span id="google-news-engine"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" role="doc-backlink">Google News</a><a class="headerlink" href="#module-searx.engines.google_news" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is the implementation of the Google News engine.</p>
<p>Google News has a different region handling compared to Google WEB.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceid</span></code> argument has to be set (<a class="reference internal" href="#searx.engines.google_news.ceid_list" title="searx.engines.google_news.ceid_list"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceid_list</span></code></a>)</p></li>
<li><p>the <a class="reference external" href="https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#hlsp">hl</a> argument has to be set correctly (and different to Google WEB)</p></li>
<li><p>the <a class="reference external" href="https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#glsp">gl</a> argument is mandatory</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If one of this argument is not set correctly, the request is redirected to
CONSENT dialog:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>https://consent.google.com/m?continue=
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The google news API ignores some parameters from the common <a class="reference internal" href="#google-api"><span class="std std-ref">Google API</span></a>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#numsp">num</a> : the number of search results is ignored / there is no paging all
results for a query term are in the first response.</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://developers.google.com/custom-search/docs/xml_results#safesp">save</a> : is ignored / Google-News results are always <em>SafeSearch</em></p></li>
</ul>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_news.request">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_news.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">request</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">query</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">params</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_news.html#request"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_news.request" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Google-News search request</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_news.response">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_news.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">response</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">resp</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_news.html#response"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_news.response" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Get response from google’s search request</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_news.ceid_list">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_news.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">ceid_list</span></span><em class="property"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">['AE:ar',</span> <span class="pre">'AR:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'AT:de',</span> <span class="pre">'AU:en',</span> <span class="pre">'BD:bn',</span> <span class="pre">'BE:fr',</span> <span class="pre">'BE:nl',</span> <span class="pre">'BG:bg',</span> <span class="pre">'BR:pt-419',</span> <span class="pre">'BW:en',</span> <span class="pre">'CA:en',</span> <span class="pre">'CA:fr',</span> <span class="pre">'CH:de',</span> <span class="pre">'CH:fr',</span> <span class="pre">'CL:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'CN:zh-Hans',</span> <span class="pre">'CO:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'CU:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'CZ:cs',</span> <span class="pre">'DE:de',</span> <span class="pre">'EG:ar',</span> <span class="pre">'ES:es',</span> <span class="pre">'ET:en',</span> <span class="pre">'FR:fr',</span> <span class="pre">'GB:en',</span> <span class="pre">'GH:en',</span> <span class="pre">'GR:el',</span> <span class="pre">'HK:zh-Hant',</span> <span class="pre">'HU:hu',</span> <span class="pre">'ID:en',</span> <span class="pre">'ID:id',</span> <span class="pre">'IE:en',</span> <span class="pre">'IL:en',</span> <span class="pre">'IL:he',</span> <span class="pre">'IN:bn',</span> <span class="pre">'IN:en',</span> <span class="pre">'IN:hi',</span> <span class="pre">'IN:ml',</span> <span class="pre">'IN:mr',</span> <span class="pre">'IN:ta',</span> <span class="pre">'IN:te',</span> <span class="pre">'IT:it',</span> <span class="pre">'JP:ja',</span> <span class="pre">'KE:en',</span> <span class="pre">'KR:ko',</span> <span class="pre">'LB:ar',</span> <span class="pre">'LT:lt',</span> <span class="pre">'LV:en',</span> <span class="pre">'LV:lv',</span> <span class="pre">'MA:fr',</span> <span class="pre">'MX:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'MY:en',</span> <span class="pre">'NA:en',</span> <span class="pre">'NG:en',</span> <span class="pre">'NL:nl',</span> <span class="pre">'NO:no',</span> <span class="pre">'NZ:en',</span> <span class="pre">'PE:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'PH:en',</span> <span class="pre">'PK:en',</span> <span class="pre">'PL:pl',</span> <span class="pre">'PT:pt-150',</span> <span class="pre">'RO:ro',</span> <span class="pre">'RS:sr',</span> <span class="pre">'RU:ru',</span> <span class="pre">'SA:ar',</span> <span class="pre">'SE:sv',</span> <span class="pre">'SG:en',</span> <span class="pre">'SI:sl',</span> <span class="pre">'SK:sk',</span> <span class="pre">'SN:fr',</span> <span class="pre">'TH:th',</span> <span class="pre">'TR:tr',</span> <span class="pre">'TW:zh-Hant',</span> <span class="pre">'TZ:en',</span> <span class="pre">'UA:ru',</span> <span class="pre">'UA:uk',</span> <span class="pre">'UG:en',</span> <span class="pre">'US:en',</span> <span class="pre">'US:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'VE:es-419',</span> <span class="pre">'VN:vi',</span> <span class="pre">'ZA:en',</span> <span class="pre">'ZW:en']</span></em><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_news.ceid_list" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>List of region/language combinations supported by Google News. Values of the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceid</span></code> argument of the Google News REST API.</p>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="module-searx.engines.google_scholar">
<span id="google-scholar"></span><span id="google-scholar-engine"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" role="doc-backlink">Google Scholar</a><a class="headerlink" href="#module-searx.engines.google_scholar" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is the implementation of the Google Scholar engine.</p>
<p>Compared to other Google services the Scholar engine has a simple GET REST-API
and there does not exists <cite>async</cite> API. Even though the API slightly vintage we
can make use of the <a class="reference internal" href="#google-api"><span class="std std-ref">Google API</span></a> to assemble the arguments of the GET
request.</p>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_scholar.detect_google_captcha">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_scholar.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">detect_google_captcha</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">dom</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_scholar.html#detect_google_captcha"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_scholar.detect_google_captcha" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>In case of CAPTCHA Google Scholar open its own <em>not a Robot</em> dialog and is
not redirected to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sorry.google.com</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_scholar.parse_gs_a">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_scholar.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">parse_gs_a</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">text</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="(in Python v3.13)"><span class="pre">str</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html#None" title="(in Python v3.13)"><span class="pre">None</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_scholar.html#parse_gs_a"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_scholar.parse_gs_a" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Parse the text written in green.</p>
<p>Possible formats:
* “{authors} - {journal}, {year} - {publisher}”
* “{authors} - {year} - {publisher}”
* “{authors} - {publisher}”</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_scholar.request">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_scholar.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">request</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">query</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">params</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_scholar.html#request"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_scholar.request" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Google-Scholar search request</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_scholar.response">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_scholar.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">response</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">resp</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_scholar.html#response"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_scholar.response" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Parse response from Google Scholar</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="searx.engines.google_scholar.time_range_args">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">searx.engines.google_scholar.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">time_range_args</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">params</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/searx/engines/google_scholar.html#time_range_args"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#searx.engines.google_scholar.time_range_args" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a dictionary with a time range arguments based on
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">params['time_range']</span></code>.</p>
<p>Google Scholar supports a detailed search by year. Searching by <em>last
month</em> or <em>last week</em> (as offered by SearXNG) is uncommon for scientific
publications and is not supported by Google Scholar.</p>
<p>To limit the result list when the users selects a range, all the SearXNG
ranges (<em>day</em>, <em>week</em>, <em>month</em>, <em>year</em>) are mapped to <em>year</em>. If no range
is set an empty dictionary of arguments is returned. Example; when
user selects a time range (current year minus one in 2022):</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="s1">'as_ylo'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2021</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
</section>
</section>
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