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-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-<head>
-<title>Go, Networked (January 21, 2010)</title>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<meta name="font-size-adjustment" content="-1" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="slidy.css"
- type="text/css" media="screen, projection, print" />
-<script src="slidy.js" type="text/javascript">
-</script>
-</head>
-<body>
-<!-- this defines the slide background -->
-
-<div class="background">
-
- <div class="header">
- <!-- sized and colored via CSS -->
- </div>
-
- <div class="footer"></div>
- </div>
-
-<div class="slide titlepage">
-<div style="height: 135px; width: 480px; overflow: hidden; position: fixed; top: auto; bottom: 10px; left: auto; right: 0; ">
-<img src="../gordon/bumper480x270.png" style="margin: -135px 0 0 0;"/>
-</div>
-<!-- <img src="../google.png" style="position: fixed; top: auto; bottom: 30px; left: 20px; right: auto;"/> -->
-<br/>
-<img src="../go-logo-white.png">
-<br/>
-<br/>
-<h1 style="padding-right: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; color: #0066cc; font-size: 250%; border-bottom: 0px;">The Go Programming Language</h1>
-<div style="color: #ffcc00;">
-<h2>Russ Cox</h2>
-<!-- <h3><i>rsc@google.com</i></h3> -->
-<br/>
-<h3>CNS Winter Research Review<br/><br/>January 21, 2010</h3>
-<br/>
-<br/>
-<!--
-<h4><i>click to start; then left/right arrow to change slides</i></h4> -->
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go</h1>
-
- <h2>New</h2>
- <h2>Experimental</h2>
- <h2>Concurrent</h2>
- <h2>Garbage-collected</h2>
- <h2>Systems</h2>
- <h2>Language</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Hello, world</h1>
-<pre>
-package main
-
-import "fmt"
-
-func main() {
- fmt.Printf("Hello, 世界\n")
-}
-</pre>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>History</h1>
-
- <h2>Design started in late 2007.</h2>
- <h2>Implementation starting to work mid-2008.</h2>
- <h2>Released as an open source project in November 2009.</h2>
- <h2>Work continues.<h2>
- <h2>Robert&nbsp;Griesemer, Ken&nbsp;Thompson, Rob&nbsp;Pike, Ian&nbsp;Lance&nbsp;Taylor, Russ&nbsp;Cox, many others</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Goals and Motivation</h1>
-
- <h2>Go fast!</h2>
- <h2>Make programming fun again.</h2>
- <h2>Targeted at systems software, broadly.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Why isn't programming fun?</h1>
-
- <div class="incremental">
- <h2>Compiled, statically-typed languages (C, C++, Java) require too much typing and too much typing:</h2>
-
- <ul>
- <li>verbose, lots of repetition</li>
- <li>too much focus on type hierarchy</li>
- <li>types get in the way as much as they help</li>
- <li>compiles take far too long</li>
- </ul>
- </div>
-
- <div class="incremental">
- <h2>Dynamic languages (Python, JavaScript) fix these problems (no more types, no more compiler) but introduce others:</h2>
-
- <ul>
- <li>errors at run time that should be caught statically</li>
- <li>no compilation means slow code</li>
- </ul>
- </div>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Can we combine the best of both?</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Why a new language?</h1>
-
- <div class="incremental">
- <h2>No new systems language in 10+ years.</h2>
- <h2>Current languages designed before ...</h2>
- <h3>... rise of large-scale, networked and multicore computing</h3>
- <h3>... rise of Internet-scale distributed development (many libraries)</h3>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go</h1>
-
- <h2>Make the language fast.</h2>
- <h2>Make the tools fast.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Compilation Demo</h1>
-
- <h2>Build all standard Go packages: ~120,000 lines of code.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go in one slide</h1>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Lightweight syntax.</h2>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Static types: enough to compile well, but inferred much of the time.</h2>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Methods: on any type, orthogonal to type system.</h2>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Abstract types: interface values, relations inferred statically.</h2>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Visibility: inferred from case of name.</h2>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">First-class functions.</h2>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Garbage collection.</h2>
-
- <br/>
-
- <h2 class="incremental">Lightweight feel of a scripting language but compiled.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, concurrently</h1>
-
- <h2>Cheap to create a new flow of control (goroutine):</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func main() {
- go expensiveComputation(x, y, z)
- anotherExpensiveComputation(a, b, c)
-}
-</pre>
-
- <h2>Two expensive computations in parallel.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, concurrently</h1>
-
- <h2>Cheap to create a new flow of control (goroutine):</h2>
-
-<pre>
- for {
- rw := l.Accept()
- conn := newConn(rw, handler)
- go conn.serve()
- }
-</pre>
-
- <h2>Concurrent web server.</h2>
- <h2>Network connections multiplexed onto epoll.</h2>
- <ul>
- <li>many blocked Read calls != many blocked OS threads</li>
- </ul>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>Use explicit messages to communicate and synchronize.</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func computeAndSend(ch chan int, x, y, z int) {
- ch <- expensiveComputation(x, y, z)
-}
-
-func main() {
- ch := make(chan int)
- go computeAndSend(ch, x, y, z)
- v2 := anotherExpensiveComputation(a, b, c)
- v1 := <-ch
- fmt.Println(v1, v2)
-}
-</pre>
- <h2>Notice communication of result in addition to synchronization.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>RPC client</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func (client *Client) Call(method string, args, reply interface{}) os.Error {
- // Send RPC message.
- call := client.Go(method, args, reply, nil)
-
- // Read reply from Done channel.
- <-call.Done
-
- return call.Error
-}
-</pre>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>RPC client demux</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func (client *Client) input() {
- for {
- resp := client.readResponse()
- client.mutex.Lock()
- c := client.pending[resp.Seq]
- client.pending[resp.Seq] = c, false
- client.mutex.Unlock()
- if resp.Error != "" {
- c.Error = os.ErrorString(resp.error)
- }
- resp.Decode(c.Reply)
- c.Done <- c
- }
-}
-</pre>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>RPC client demux</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func (client *Client) input() {
- for {
- <font style="color: black;">resp := client.readResponse()</font>
- client.mutex.Lock()
- c := client.pending[resp.Seq]
- client.pending[resp.Seq] = c, false
- client.mutex.Unlock()
- if resp.Error != "" {
- c.Error = os.ErrorString(resp.error)
- }
- resp.Decode(c.Reply)
- c.Done <- c
- }
-}
-</pre>
-<h2>Read response from network.</h2
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>RPC client demux</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func (client *Client) input() {
- for {
- resp := client.readResponse()
- <font style="color: black;">client.mutex.Lock()
- c := client.pending[resp.Seq]
- client.pending[resp.Seq] = c, false
- client.mutex.Unlock()</font>
- if resp.Error != "" {
- c.Error = os.ErrorString(resp.error)
- }
- resp.Decode(c.Reply)
- c.Done <- c
- }
-}
-</pre>
-<h2>Look up request by sequence number.</h2
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>RPC client demux</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func (client *Client) input() {
- for {
- resp := client.readResponse()
- client.mutex.Lock()
- c := client.pending[resp.Seq]
- client.pending[resp.Seq] = c, false
- client.mutex.Unlock()
- <font style="color: black;">if resp.Error != "" {
- c.Error = os.ErrorString(resp.error)
- }
- resp.Decode(c.Reply)</font>
- c.Done <- c
- }
-}
-</pre>
-<h2>Decode response fields from payload.</h2
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>RPC client demux</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func (client *Client) input() {
- for {
- resp := client.readResponse()
- client.mutex.Lock()
- c := client.pending[resp.Seq]
- client.pending[resp.Seq] = c, false
- client.mutex.Unlock()
- if resp.Error != "" {
- c.Error = os.ErrorString(resp.error)
- }
- resp.Decode(c.Reply)
- <font style="color: black;">c.Done <- c</font>
- }
-}
-</pre>
-<h2>Tell client that it finished.</h2
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go, synchronized</h1>
-
- <h2>RPC client demux</h2>
-
-<pre>
-func (client *Client) input() {
- for {
- resp := client.readResponse()
- client.mutex.Lock()
- c := client.pending[resp.Seq]
- client.pending[resp.Seq] = c, false
- client.mutex.Unlock()
- if resp.Error != "" {
- c.Error = os.ErrorString(resp.error)
- }
- resp.Decode(c.Reply)
- c.Done <- c
- }
-}
-</pre>
-
-<h2>Can create multiple Calls with same Done channel
-and distinguish which finished by inspecting value sent on channel.
-</h2>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Goroutine demo</h1>
-
- <h2>Chain together 100,000 goroutines connected by 100,001 channels.</h2>
-
- <h2>Send a value to one end of the chain.</h2>
-
- <h2>Each passes it along, increments.</h2>
-
- <h2>Receive value out the other end of the chain.</h2>
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go Status</h1>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go Status</h1>
-
- <h2>Open source:</h2>
- <ul>
- <li>released on November 10, 2009
- <li>regular releases (~ weekly)
- <li>all development done in public Mercurial repository
- <li>outside contributions welcome
- <li>two independent compiler implementations
- <li>XML, JSON, HTTP, TLS/SSL, native RPC, (network channels,) ...
- </ul>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go Status</h1>
-
- <h2>Open source</h2>
-
- <h2>Portable:</h2>
- <ul>
- <li>FreeBSD, Linux, OS X (x86, x86-64)
- <li>(in progress) Linux arm, Native Client x86, Windows x86.
- </ul>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Go Status</h1>
-
- <h2>Open source</h2>
- <h2>Portable</h2>
-
- <h2>Still in progress, experimental. Yet to come:</h2>
- <ul>
- <li>production garbage collector
- <li>generics?
- <li>exceptions?
- <li>unions or sum types?
- </ul>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide titlepage">
- <h1>Questions?</h1>
- <br><br>
- <center>
- <img src="../gordon/bumper640x360.png">
- </center>
- <br><br>
- <div style="color: #ffcc00;">
- <!-- <h3><i>rsc@google.com</i></h3> -->
- </div>
-</div>
-
-</body></html>