// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. // Package envcmd implements the ``go env'' command. package envcmd import ( "context" "encoding/json" "fmt" "go/build" "io/ioutil" "os" "path/filepath" "runtime" "sort" "strings" "unicode/utf8" "cmd/go/internal/base" "cmd/go/internal/cache" "cmd/go/internal/cfg" "cmd/go/internal/fsys" "cmd/go/internal/load" "cmd/go/internal/modload" "cmd/go/internal/work" ) var CmdEnv = &base.Command{ UsageLine: "go env [-json] [-u] [-w] [var ...]", Short: "print Go environment information", Long: ` Env prints Go environment information. By default env prints information as a shell script (on Windows, a batch file). If one or more variable names is given as arguments, env prints the value of each named variable on its own line. The -json flag prints the environment in JSON format instead of as a shell script. The -u flag requires one or more arguments and unsets the default setting for the named environment variables, if one has been set with 'go env -w'. The -w flag requires one or more arguments of the form NAME=VALUE and changes the default settings of the named environment variables to the given values. For more about environment variables, see 'go help environment'. `, } func init() { CmdEnv.Run = runEnv // break init cycle } var ( envJson = CmdEnv.Flag.Bool("json", false, "") envU = CmdEnv.Flag.Bool("u", false, "") envW = CmdEnv.Flag.Bool("w", false, "") ) func MkEnv() []cfg.EnvVar { envFile, _ := cfg.EnvFile() env := []cfg.EnvVar{ {Name: "GO111MODULE", Value: cfg.Getenv("GO111MODULE")}, {Name: "GOARCH", Value: cfg.Goarch}, {Name: "GOBIN", Value: cfg.GOBIN}, {Name: "GOCACHE", Value: cache.DefaultDir()}, {Name: "GOENV", Value: envFile}, {Name: "GOEXE", Value: cfg.ExeSuffix}, {Name: "GOFLAGS", Value: cfg.Getenv("GOFLAGS")}, {Name: "GOHOSTARCH", Value: runtime.GOARCH}, {Name: "GOHOSTOS", Value: runtime.GOOS}, {Name: "GOINSECURE", Value: cfg.GOINSECURE}, {Name: "GOMODCACHE", Value: cfg.GOMODCACHE}, {Name: "GONOPROXY", Value: cfg.GONOPROXY}, {Name: "GONOSUMDB", Value: cfg.GONOSUMDB}, {Name: "GOOS", Value: cfg.Goos}, {Name: "GOPATH", Value: cfg.BuildContext.GOPATH}, {Name: "GOPRIVATE", Value: cfg.GOPRIVATE}, {Name: "GOPROXY", Value: cfg.GOPROXY}, {Name: "GOROOT", Value: cfg.GOROOT}, {Name: "GOSUMDB", Value: cfg.GOSUMDB}, {Name: "GOTMPDIR", Value: cfg.Getenv("GOTMPDIR")}, {Name: "GOTOOLDIR", Value: base.ToolDir}, } if work.GccgoBin != "" { env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: "GCCGO", Value: work.GccgoBin}) } else { env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: "GCCGO", Value: work.GccgoName}) } key, val := cfg.GetArchEnv() if key != "" { env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: key, Value: val}) } cc := cfg.DefaultCC(cfg.Goos, cfg.Goarch) if env := strings.Fields(cfg.Getenv("CC")); len(env) > 0 { cc = env[0] } cxx := cfg.DefaultCXX(cfg.Goos, cfg.Goarch) if env := strings.Fields(cfg.Getenv("CXX")); len(env) > 0 { cxx = env[0] } env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: "AR", Value: envOr("AR", "ar")}) env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: "CC", Value: cc}) env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: "CXX", Value: cxx}) if cfg.BuildContext.CgoEnabled { env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: "CGO_ENABLED", Value: "1"}) } else { env = append(env, cfg.EnvVar{Name: "CGO_ENABLED", Value: "0"}) } return env } func envOr(name, def string) string { val := cfg.Getenv(name) if val != "" { return val } return def } func findEnv(env []cfg.EnvVar, name string) string { for _, e := range env { if e.Name == name { return e.Value } } return "" } // ExtraEnvVars returns environment variables that should not leak into child processes. func ExtraEnvVars() []cfg.EnvVar { gomod := "" if modload.HasModRoot() { gomod = filepath.Join(modload.ModRoot(), "go.mod") } else if modload.Enabled() { gomod = os.DevNull } return []cfg.EnvVar{ {Name: "GOMOD", Value: gomod}, } } // ExtraEnvVarsCostly returns environment variables that should not leak into child processes // but are costly to evaluate. func ExtraEnvVarsCostly() []cfg.EnvVar { var b work.Builder b.Init() cppflags, cflags, cxxflags, fflags, ldflags, err := b.CFlags(&load.Package{}) if err != nil { // Should not happen - b.CFlags was given an empty package. fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "go: invalid cflags: %v\n", err) return nil } cmd := b.GccCmd(".", "") return []cfg.EnvVar{ // Note: Update the switch in runEnv below when adding to this list. {Name: "CGO_CFLAGS", Value: strings.Join(cflags, " ")}, {Name: "CGO_CPPFLAGS", Value: strings.Join(cppflags, " ")}, {Name: "CGO_CXXFLAGS", Value: strings.Join(cxxflags, " ")}, {Name: "CGO_FFLAGS", Value: strings.Join(fflags, " ")}, {Name: "CGO_LDFLAGS", Value: strings.Join(ldflags, " ")}, {Name: "PKG_CONFIG", Value: b.PkgconfigCmd()}, {Name: "GOGCCFLAGS", Value: strings.Join(cmd[3:], " ")}, } } // argKey returns the KEY part of the arg KEY=VAL, or else arg itself. func argKey(arg string) string { i := strings.Index(arg, "=") if i < 0 { return arg } return arg[:i] } func runEnv(ctx context.Context, cmd *base.Command, args []string) { if *envJson && *envU { base.Fatalf("go env: cannot use -json with -u") } if *envJson && *envW { base.Fatalf("go env: cannot use -json with -w") } if *envU && *envW { base.Fatalf("go env: cannot use -u with -w") } env := cfg.CmdEnv env = append(env, ExtraEnvVars()...) if err := fsys.Init(base.Cwd); err != nil { base.Fatalf("go: %v", err) } // Do we need to call ExtraEnvVarsCostly, which is a bit expensive? needCostly := false if *envU || *envW { // We're overwriting or removing default settings, // so it doesn't really matter what the existing settings are. // // Moreover, we haven't validated the new settings yet, so it is // important that we NOT perform any actions based on them, // such as initializing the builder to compute other variables. } else if len(args) == 0 { // We're listing all environment variables ("go env"), // including the expensive ones. needCostly = true } else { needCostly = false checkCostly: for _, arg := range args { switch argKey(arg) { case "CGO_CFLAGS", "CGO_CPPFLAGS", "CGO_CXXFLAGS", "CGO_FFLAGS", "CGO_LDFLAGS", "PKG_CONFIG", "GOGCCFLAGS": needCostly = true break checkCostly } } } if needCostly { env = append(env, ExtraEnvVarsCostly()...) } if *envW { // Process and sanity-check command line. if len(args) == 0 { base.Fatalf("go env -w: no KEY=VALUE arguments given") } osEnv := make(map[string]string) for _, e := range cfg.OrigEnv { if i := strings.Index(e, "="); i >= 0 { osEnv[e[:i]] = e[i+1:] } } add := make(map[string]string) for _, arg := range args { i := strings.Index(arg, "=") if i < 0 { base.Fatalf("go env -w: arguments must be KEY=VALUE: invalid argument: %s", arg) } key, val := arg[:i], arg[i+1:] if err := checkEnvWrite(key, val); err != nil { base.Fatalf("go env -w: %v", err) } if _, ok := add[key]; ok { base.Fatalf("go env -w: multiple values for key: %s", key) } add[key] = val if osVal := osEnv[key]; osVal != "" && osVal != val { fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "warning: go env -w %s=... does not override conflicting OS environment variable\n", key) } } goos, okGOOS := add["GOOS"] goarch, okGOARCH := add["GOARCH"] if okGOOS || okGOARCH { if !okGOOS { goos = cfg.Goos } if !okGOARCH { goarch = cfg.Goarch } if err := work.CheckGOOSARCHPair(goos, goarch); err != nil { base.Fatalf("go env -w: %v", err) } } gotmp, okGOTMP := add["GOTMPDIR"] if okGOTMP { if !filepath.IsAbs(gotmp) && gotmp != "" { base.Fatalf("go env -w: GOTMPDIR must be an absolute path") } } updateEnvFile(add, nil) return } if *envU { // Process and sanity-check command line. if len(args) == 0 { base.Fatalf("go env -u: no arguments given") } del := make(map[string]bool) for _, arg := range args { if err := checkEnvWrite(arg, ""); err != nil { base.Fatalf("go env -u: %v", err) } del[arg] = true } if del["GOOS"] || del["GOARCH"] { goos, goarch := cfg.Goos, cfg.Goarch if del["GOOS"] { goos = getOrigEnv("GOOS") if goos == "" { goos = build.Default.GOOS } } if del["GOARCH"] { goarch = getOrigEnv("GOARCH") if goarch == "" { goarch = build.Default.GOARCH } } if err := work.CheckGOOSARCHPair(goos, goarch); err != nil { base.Fatalf("go env -u: %v", err) } } updateEnvFile(nil, del) return } if len(args) > 0 { if *envJson { var es []cfg.EnvVar for _, name := range args { e := cfg.EnvVar{Name: name, Value: findEnv(env, name)} es = append(es, e) } printEnvAsJSON(es) } else { for _, name := range args { fmt.Printf("%s\n", findEnv(env, name)) } } return } if *envJson { printEnvAsJSON(env) return } for _, e := range env { if e.Name != "TERM" { switch runtime.GOOS { default: fmt.Printf("%s=\"%s\"\n", e.Name, e.Value) case "plan9": if strings.IndexByte(e.Value, '\x00') < 0 { fmt.Printf("%s='%s'\n", e.Name, strings.ReplaceAll(e.Value, "'", "''")) } else { v := strings.Split(e.Value, "\x00") fmt.Printf("%s=(", e.Name) for x, s := range v { if x > 0 { fmt.Printf(" ") } fmt.Printf("%s", s) } fmt.Printf(")\n") } case "windows": fmt.Printf("set %s=%s\n", e.Name, e.Value) } } } } func printEnvAsJSON(env []cfg.EnvVar) { m := make(map[string]string) for _, e := range env { if e.Name == "TERM" { continue } m[e.Name] = e.Value } enc := json.NewEncoder(os.Stdout) enc.SetIndent("", "\t") if err := enc.Encode(m); err != nil { base.Fatalf("go env -json: %s", err) } } func getOrigEnv(key string) string { for _, v := range cfg.OrigEnv { if strings.HasPrefix(v, key+"=") { return strings.TrimPrefix(v, key+"=") } } return "" } func checkEnvWrite(key, val string) error { switch key { case "GOEXE", "GOGCCFLAGS", "GOHOSTARCH", "GOHOSTOS", "GOMOD", "GOTOOLDIR": return fmt.Errorf("%s cannot be modified", key) case "GOENV": return fmt.Errorf("%s can only be set using the OS environment", key) } // To catch typos and the like, check that we know the variable. if !cfg.CanGetenv(key) { return fmt.Errorf("unknown go command variable %s", key) } // Some variables can only have one of a few valid values. If set to an // invalid value, the next cmd/go invocation might fail immediately, // even 'go env -w' itself. switch key { case "GO111MODULE": switch val { case "", "auto", "on", "off": default: return fmt.Errorf("invalid %s value %q", key, val) } case "GOPATH": if strings.HasPrefix(val, "~") { return fmt.Errorf("GOPATH entry cannot start with shell metacharacter '~': %q", val) } if !filepath.IsAbs(val) && val != "" { return fmt.Errorf("GOPATH entry is relative; must be absolute path: %q", val) } // Make sure CC and CXX are absolute paths case "CC", "CXX": if !filepath.IsAbs(val) && val != "" && val != filepath.Base(val) { return fmt.Errorf("%s entry is relative; must be absolute path: %q", key, val) } } if !utf8.ValidString(val) { return fmt.Errorf("invalid UTF-8 in %s=... value", key) } if strings.Contains(val, "\x00") { return fmt.Errorf("invalid NUL in %s=... value", key) } if strings.ContainsAny(val, "\v\r\n") { return fmt.Errorf("invalid newline in %s=... value", key) } return nil } func updateEnvFile(add map[string]string, del map[string]bool) { file, err := cfg.EnvFile() if file == "" { base.Fatalf("go env: cannot find go env config: %v", err) } data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file) if err != nil && (!os.IsNotExist(err) || len(add) == 0) { base.Fatalf("go env: reading go env config: %v", err) } lines := strings.SplitAfter(string(data), "\n") if lines[len(lines)-1] == "" { lines = lines[:len(lines)-1] } else { lines[len(lines)-1] += "\n" } // Delete all but last copy of any duplicated variables, // since the last copy is the one that takes effect. prev := make(map[string]int) for l, line := range lines { if key := lineToKey(line); key != "" { if p, ok := prev[key]; ok { lines[p] = "" } prev[key] = l } } // Add variables (go env -w). Update existing lines in file if present, add to end otherwise. for key, val := range add { if p, ok := prev[key]; ok { lines[p] = key + "=" + val + "\n" delete(add, key) } } for key, val := range add { lines = append(lines, key+"="+val+"\n") } // Delete requested variables (go env -u). for key := range del { if p, ok := prev[key]; ok { lines[p] = "" } } // Sort runs of KEY=VALUE lines // (that is, blocks of lines where blocks are separated // by comments, blank lines, or invalid lines). start := 0 for i := 0; i <= len(lines); i++ { if i == len(lines) || lineToKey(lines[i]) == "" { sortKeyValues(lines[start:i]) start = i + 1 } } data = []byte(strings.Join(lines, "")) err = ioutil.WriteFile(file, data, 0666) if err != nil { // Try creating directory. os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(file), 0777) err = ioutil.WriteFile(file, data, 0666) if err != nil { base.Fatalf("go env: writing go env config: %v", err) } } } // lineToKey returns the KEY part of the line KEY=VALUE or else an empty string. func lineToKey(line string) string { i := strings.Index(line, "=") if i < 0 || strings.Contains(line[:i], "#") { return "" } return line[:i] } // sortKeyValues sorts a sequence of lines by key. // It differs from sort.Strings in that keys which are GOx where x is an ASCII // character smaller than = sort after GO=. // (There are no such keys currently. It used to matter for GO386 which was // removed in Go 1.16.) func sortKeyValues(lines []string) { sort.Slice(lines, func(i, j int) bool { return lineToKey(lines[i]) < lineToKey(lines[j]) }) }